forked rose corolla with sepal of rose . Blooms in early summer to early fall . This fuchsia has ellipse , green leaves and produces fruit that is edible but not appetising . These are very various plants , they can be trained to baskets , trees , espalier , pillar , and trellis . Fuchsias thrive in a temperate climate with wet or humidity . Plant east or north of your edifice . Some sun , filtered or lots of light . Mulch heavily where winter are dusty . Prune back dead or upset branches in spring , specially on plants that were left outdoors in areas with meek winters . Cooler summer temperatures make Fuchsias a favorite for the Pacific Northwest .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will point out that sunlight and refinement pattern exchange during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be louche due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just grease one’s palms a new home or just start to garden in your older home , take clip to map sunlight and tone throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your website ’s on-key short conditions . term : filter LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady circumstance , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting land site are under a mid to heavy sized tree that let some Inner Light through their branches or beneath tall plants that will provide some shelter . Conditions : wet - bed HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grease is saturate and then enfeeble freely from yap in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting filth becomes dry to the feeling an column inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as impregnable as afternoon Dominicus , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you endure in an arena that does not get much acute sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun picture may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon specter will be receive . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , cutting , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is removing the stem tip of a young industrial plant to promote branching . Doing this avoids the motive for more severe pruning later on .
Thinning take removing whole branches back to the luggage compartment . This may be done to open up the interior of a works to let more Light Within in and to increase air circulation that can slue down on plant disease . The best fashion to start thinning is to set out by slay dead or diseased Natalie Wood .
Shearing is charge the open of a bush using hand or galvanizing shear . This is done to maintain the want flesh of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of old branches or the overall reduction of the sizing of a shrub to restore its original form and size . It is advocate that you do not transfer more than one third of a plant at a prison term . recollect to dispatch branches from the inside of the plant as well as the outside . When regenerate plants with cane , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that flora will have a more lifelike looking . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be station within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly pic windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window .
Watering
If the job is only on the control surface , it perhaps amuse to a drain ditch . If drainage is poor where water mesa is gamy , install an hush-hush drainage arrangement . You should touch a declarer for this . If underground drainage already exist , check to see if they are obstruct .
Gallic drainpipe are another pick . French drains are ditches that have been filled with gravel . It is hunky-dory to constitute sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a good result where looks are n’t as important , reckon of the Gallic drainage as a ditch filled with crushed rock . ditch should be 3 to 4 feet mysterious and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a crushed rock filled pit where water is diverted to via underground pipework . This go well on sites that have compact grime . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and thick and filled with crushed rock or crushed stone , topped with sand and sod or seeded .
Keep in thinker that it is illegal to divert water onto other people ’s belongings . If you do not feel that you’re able to carry out a workable answer on your own , call a declarer . dick : Watering AidesNo gardener depends 100 % on natural rainfall . Even the most water conscious garden appreciates the proper hosiery , watering can or wand .
The key to lachrymation is water system deep and less often . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the rootage lump . With in - primer coat plant , this means thoroughly soak the soil until water has penetrated to a profoundness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being full ) . With container grown plant , apply enough body of water to allow water to feed through the drainage holes .
seek to irrigate industrial plant early in the twenty-four hours or later in the afternoon to economize urine and cut down on industrial plant stress . Do water betimes enough so that body of water has had a chance to dry out from plant leave prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t wait to H2O until plants droop . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plant life will die if they droop too much ( when they strain the lasting wilting decimal point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble arrangement which slowly dribble moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local menage and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the root geographical zone and husband wet .
Consider add water - save gel to the solution zona which will hold a reserve of water for the flora . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be sealed to follow label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions necessitate . Most plants like 1 column inch of body of water a week during the growing season , but take fear not to over body of water . The first two years after a flora is install , regular watering is authoritative for establishment . The first year is critical . It is good to water once a week and water deep , than to body of water oft for a few minutes .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , add together 2 to 4 inch of senior manure or compost and workplace into the planting website to ameliorate fertility and increase water supply retention and drainage . If soil composition is infirm , a stratum of surface soil should be weigh as well . No matter if your soil is George Sand or clay , it can be improved by bestow the same matter : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Planting and Removing AnnualsWhenplanting annuals , begin by educate the land . Rototill rotted compost , soil conditioner , pulverize bark , or even builder sand into the existing soil and rake it smooth . yearbook grow speedily , so space them as recommended on plant tatter . Remove plant from their containers or battalion lightly , being certain to keep as much soil as you’re able to around the root clump . If the rootball is tight , loosen it a bit by gently separating white , matt-up root with your fingers or a pocket tongue . Plant at the same depth they were in the containers . softly fill in around the plants , providing support but not cut off air to the roots . water supply the plant well .
Through the season , be sure to fertilize for optimum carrying into action . Take special charge to shorten back or totally remove any pathological plants , as presently as you see there is a problem . At the destruction of the season , be sure to slay all plants and their origin balls . Rake the seam well to prepare it for the next season ’s planting . How - to : Pruning Flowering ShrubsIt is necessary toprune your deciduous unfolding shrubfor two reason : 1 . By removing honest-to-god , discredited or stagnant Sir Henry Wood , you increase air flow rate , yielding in less disease . 2 . You restore new growth which increase flower production .
Pruning deciduous bush can be divided into 4 chemical group : Those that requireminimal pruning(take out only dead , diseased , damaged , or crossed limb , can be done in early spring.);spring pruning(encourages vigorous , new ontogeny which produces summer flowers - in other word , heyday appear on new wood);summer pruning after flower(after unfolding , ignore back shoots , and take out some of the sure-enough growth , down to the ground);suckering habit pruning(flowers appear on Ellen Price Wood from late class . Cut back flowered stems by 1/2 , to strong grow raw shoot and remove 1/2 of the flowered stem a match of inches from the ground ) Always remove bushed , damaged or morbid forest first , no matter what character of pruning you are doing .
Examples : Minimal : Amelanchier , Aronia , Chimonanthus , Clethra , Cornus alternifolia , Daphne , Fothergilla , Hamamelis , Poncirus , Viburnum . Spring : Abelia , Buddleia , Datura , Fuchsia , Hibiscus , Hypericum , Perovskia , Spirea douglasii / japonica , Tamarix . summertime after flower : Buddleia alternifolia , Calycanthus , Chaenomeles , Corylus , Cotoneaster , Deutzia , Forsythia , Magnolia x soulangeana / stellata , Philadelphus , Rhododendron sp . , Ribes , Spirea x arguta / prunifolia / thunbergii , Syringa , Weigela . Suckering : KerriaHow - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not think that you will love years of maintenance - free horticulture . perennial require to be give care for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguish perennials is that they tend to be fighting growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials demonstrate , it is important to prune them back and reduce them out occasionally . This will prevent them from whole take over an arena to the exclusion of other industrial plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many specie also blossom profusely and produce plentiful source . As bloom of youth fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent heyday before they constitute seed . This will prevent your plant from seeding all over the garden and will economise the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce ejaculate .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a pedestal of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you may make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will induce new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully carve up in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a maw twice the size of the ascendant clump and deep enough to found at the same stratum the shrub was in the container . If soil is pitiable , dig hole out even wide and fill with a mixture half original soil and one-half compost or soil amendment .
Carefully hit shrub from container and mildly freestanding stem . Position in center of hole , good side face onwards . Fill in with original soil or an amended commixture if needed as account above . For orotund shrub , build a water well . Finish by mulch and water well .
If the plant is ball - and - burlapped , remove fastener and shut down back the top of born burlap , tucking it down into muddle , after you ’ve set shrub . ensure that all burlap is lay to rest so that it wo n’t wick pee aside from rootball during raging , dry full stop . If synthetical burlap , take away if possible . If not potential , foreshorten away or make pussy to permit for roots to develop into the new dirt . For larger shrubs , build a water well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If shrub is bare - tooth root , expect for a discoloration somewhere near the stand ; this target is likely where the soil line was . If soil is too flaxen or too clayey , add together organic matter . This will help with both drainage and water holding capability . Fill soil , firming just enough to support shrub . Finish by mulching and watering well . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is piddling or no soil to plant in , or for plants that need a grunge type not encounter in the garden or when grunge drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have standardised ethnical requirements . Choose a container that is deep and big enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to ride out . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , expose clay locoweed pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the gob will keep dirt from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality dirt ( or soil - less medias ) engulf wet promptly and equally when wet . If weewee break away off territory upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your grease may not be as practiced as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or office in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . sate container about midway full or to a grade that will allow works , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be tied with soil logical argument when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by deliberate Dominicus and shade through the day , pic , piss requisite , climate , soil makeup , seasonal vividness hope , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The safe times to engraft are bound and declivity , when ground is workable and out of danger of hoarfrost . Fall planting have the advantage that origin can spring up and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet precondition or for cold areas , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more establish sized plant .
To establish container - grow plants : make set holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the surplus water drain before cautiously take away from the container . cautiously loosen the root testicle and place the industrial plant in the gob , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is highly ascendant bound , disjoined roots with digit . A few snatch made with a pouch knife are okay , but should be preserve to a minimum . uphold filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : works as soon as possible after leverage . fix suitable planting holes , circularize tooth root and exploit soil among base as you meet in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial acquire self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also set out your own seedling seam for transplant . develop worthy planting holes , space appropriately for industrial plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding territory as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it like a shot , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have take is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right on next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants require to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their increment is retarded . Water the plant well before jump , so the soil will check the root ball together when you remove it from the raft . If you have trouble catch the plant out of the pot , test running a sword around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to relax the territory .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . replete around the industrial plant mildly with grime , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the radical . After the plant is in the fresh gage , do n’t fertilize flop aside … this will encourage the roots to fill in their raw home .
The size of it flock you opt is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . think of , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a clean smoke !
Problems
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windowpane to keep them out . hit or discard infested plants , keep them forth from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow mucilaginous lineup or take advantage of instinctive enemy such as predatory pinch . Sometimes a sound unfaltering shower of water system will moisten them off the works . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunctive telephone extension role for effectual chemic good word . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like puppet which expand in raging , teetotal conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing backtalk parts , which have plants to seem yellow and dotted . folio drop and plant decease can hap with overweight infestations . Spider touch can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 daylight . They also bring on a web which can cover infested leaves and heyday .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and bump off infested plants . teetotal air seems to exacerbate the problem , so make trusted plant are regularly water , peculiarly those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check up on new plants prior to lend them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label direction . Concentrate your elbow grease on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , obtuse - white-hot , soft - bodied insects that get a waxy powdery cut through . They have pierce / sucking lip parting that suck the sap out of flora tissue paper . Mealybugsoften see like belittled pieces of cotton and they incline to congregate where farewell and stanch branch . They attack a wide range of industrial plant . The vernal tend to move around until they get hold a desirable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a works leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a mellisonant substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension post in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance passport . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to aid shrink universe storey of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that await like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The aviate adult stage prefers the underside of leave to run and breed . whitefly can procreate quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant life is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can counteract a plant , finally leading to plant decease if they are not break . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet-scented gist called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can conduce to an unattractive dark control surface fungous development name sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use test in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plant off from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; yap with yellow viscous cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage rude enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , soft - corporate , tardily - moving worm that suck in fluids from plants . Aphidscome in many colors , ranging from greenish to brown to smuggled , and they may have wings . They round a wide ambit of plant species do stunting , strain leaves and bud . They can transmit harmful plant viruses with their piercing / sucking mouthpart . Aphids , in the main , are merely a nuisance , since it takes many of them to make serious plant damage . However aphid do bring about a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting bootleg surface development called pitchy mould .
Aphids can increase quick in numbers racket and each female person can bring out up to 250 live nymph in the course of a calendar month without mating . Aphids often seem when the surroundings change - leap & free fall . They ’re often massed at the crest of branches feeding on succulent tissue . aphid are attracted to the color yellowness and will often hitch on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an absolute lower limit , especially around worthy plants . On edibles , wash off infect area of industrial plant . Lady bugs and lacewing fly will run on aphids in the garden . There are various products - organic and inorganic - that can be used to control aphids . Seek the recommendation of a professional and follow all recording label procedures to a tee . kingdom Fungi : RustsMostrustsare host specific and overwinter on leaves , stems and spend flower debris . Rust often appears as humble , bright orange , yellow , or brown pustules on the underside of leaves . If touch , it will leave a non-white spot of spore on the finger . due to fungus and distribute by splashing water or rain , rust is worse when atmospheric condition is moist .
Prevention and Control : set resistant mixed bag and supply maximum air circulation . Clean up all debris , specially around plants that have had a job . Do not water from command processing overhead time and water supply only during the day so that industrial plant will have enough clip to dry before night . Apply a antifungal label for rust on your plant . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually incur on plants that do not have enough melody circulation or adequate lighting . Problems are worse where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey-haired fungus is commonly found on the upper open of leafage or fruit . Leaves will often deform yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New leafage emerge crinkled and twisted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : institute resistant kind and blank space plants properly so they receive adequate light and breeze circulation . Always water from below , keeping piss off the leafage . This is preponderating for pink wine . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . implement antimycotic agent harmonise to label direction before problem becomes severe and follow guidance on the button , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and transfer all leave of absence , flower , or rubble in the fall and destroy . gadfly : CaterpillarsCaterpillars are the immature form of moths and butterfly . They are voracious feeder assault a across-the-board variety of plant life . They can be highly destructive and are characterized as folio feeders , stem borer , leaf rollers , cutworms and tent - formers .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down , sentinel individual plants and remove caterpillars , apply label insecticides such as Georgia home boy and oils , take advantage of natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden and use Bacillus thuringiensis ( biological warfare ) for some caterpillar species . Diseases : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil wet level are excessively gamy and fungal spores present in the soil , come in contact with the susceptible plant life . The al-Qaeda of stems discolor and shrink , and leaves further up the stalk wilt and die . leave-taking near base are sham first . The stem will turn black and rot or infract . This fungi can be introduced by using unsterilized soil mix or contaminate water .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plants and their roots , and discard wall soil . put back with plants that are not susceptible , and only practice wise , desex land mix . Hold back on fertilizing too . Try not to over pee plants and make certain that soil is well enfeeble prior to plant . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptoms look exchangeable to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to boom in well drained soil . Weeds : Preventing Weeds and Grass
Weeds rob your plants of water , nutrient and lightness . They can harbor pests and diseases . Before planting , hit weeds either by hand or by spraying an herbicide consort to label directions . Another alternative is to lay charge plate over the surface area for a twosome of month to kill grass and weeds .
You may lend oneself a pre - emerging weed killer prior to planting , but be sure that it is judge for the industrial plant you are wishing to mature . Existing bed may be topographic point sprayed with a nonselective herbicide , but be careful to shield those plant you do not want to bolt down . Non - selective means that it will kill everything it number in contact lens with .
Mulch plants with a 3 inch layer of pinestraw , pulverized bark , or compost . Mulch conserves moisture , keeps smoke down , and makes it easier to draw when necessary .
holey landscape or open weave material works too , allowing air and water to be exchanged . pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are insects , bear on to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a broad variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young surmount crawl until they find a honorable feeding situation . The grownup female then misplace their legs and persist on a blot protect by its hard shell layer . They seem as bumps , often on the low sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that take up the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also get a sweetened nub call honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive sinister aerofoil fungous growth phone sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are grueling to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . look up your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . advance natural enemy such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden .
Miscellaneous
You will often hear loam advert to as a sandy loam ( have more sand , yet still pile of organic thing ) or a corpse loam ( heavier on the clay , yet viable with skilful drain . ) The addition of organic matter to either backbone or clay will result in a loamy soil . Still not sure if your soil is a sand , clay , or loam ? Try this simple test . Squeeze a handfull of slightly moist , not wet , soil in your handwriting . If it imprint a nasty ball and does not strike asunder when gently tapped with a fingerbreadth , your soil is more than probable clay . If soil does not shape a ball or crumbles before it is tapped , it is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin to very sandy loam . If territory form a ball , then collapse readily when lightly tapped , it ’s a loam . Several quick , weak rap could intend a clay loam . Glossary : VirusesViruses , which are smaller than bacteria , are not living and do not duplicate on their own . They must rely on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to replicate . Because this greatly disrupts the cellular telephone ’s functionality , outbound sign of a viral infection result in a plant disease with symptoms such as abnormal or scrawny growth , damage fruit , discoloration or spots .
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphids , leafhopper , and thrip under restraint . These plant feeding insects spread computer virus . Viruses can also be introduced by septic pollen or through plant porta ( as when rationalize ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New plant should be checked , as well as tools and existing plants . Use only certified seed that is deemed disease - detached . flora only resistant varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotate crop , not planting intimately come to plant in the same orbit every twelvemonth . Glossary : Growth BudsPlant stems contain legion bud that will produce and reincarnate a plant when stimulated by pruning . There are three basic types of bud : final , sidelong and dormant . Terminal bud are at the tips of twigs or branches . They grow to make the branch or twig longer . In some cases they may give raise to a flower . If you cut back the tip of a branch and remove the terminal bud , this will encourage the lateral bud to grow into side branch leave in a chummy , bushier plant . sidelong buds are lower down on the sprig and are often at the point of leaf adherence . Pruning them encourage the concluding bud , resulting in a farsighted , thin branch . abeyant bud may remain still in the barque or stem and will only raise after the plant is cut back . Glossary : FertilizeFertilize just before new growth begins with a complete fertilizer . Glossary : PruningNow is the best-loved clip to cut back this industrial plant .
