Chapter 13: Least-Toxic Lawn Pest Management

Lawn Insects

Bohart , R.M. 1940.Studies on the biology and ascendancy of sod webworms in California . Journal of Economic Entomology33:886 - 890 . The Graeco-Roman study of webworms .

Gordon , F.C. , and D.A. Potter . 1985.Efficiency of Japanese mallet ( Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae ) traps in reducing defoliation of plants in the urban landscape and their burden on larval denseness in sod . Journal of Economic Entomology78:774 - 778 . This study indicates that if only a few ambuscade are used , they may draw in more adult beetles to the garden than are caught in the traps , in reality increasing the trouble .

Kennedy , K.M. 1981.Sod Webworm : Biology and Control . East Lansing : Michigan State University Cooperative Extension Service ( Extension Bulletin E-1480 , File 27.36 ) . 4 pp . This pamphlet contains excellent semblance pic of the caterpillar and adult microscope stage of sod webworm and the damage webworms make .

Ladd , T.L. , Jr. , J.D. Warthen , Jr. , and M.G. Klein . 1984.Japanese beetle ( Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae ): the outcome of azadirachtin on the growth and development of unripe forms . Journal of Economic Entomology77 : 903 - 905 . This study usher that foliage of plant spray with neem are protected from feeding by adult beetles .

Madison , J.H. 1971.Practical Turfgrass Management . Boston : PWS Publishers . 466 pp . This is the best lawn management school text yet written .

Niemczyk , H.D. 1981.Destructive Turf Insects . Wooster , Ohio : HDC Book Sales . 48 pp . ( Available from : HDC , 2935 Smithville - Western Rd . , Wooster , Ohio 44691 . ) An priceless tool for diagnosing blighter problems on lawns . Includes a discussion of monitoring method acting and excellent color photographs of turfgrass insect pest and typical damage symptom .

Noble , W.B. 1932.Sod webworm and Their Control in Lawns and Golf Greens . Washington , D.C. : USDA ( Circular No . 248 ) . 4 pp . A wonderful leaflet with lots of fascinating details on sod webworm conduct .

Tashiro , H. 1987.Turfgrass Insects of the United States and Canada . Ithaca , N.Y. : Cornell University Press . 391 pp . An invaluable usher to the biology and behavior of turfgrass insect pests . This splendid mass includes information on ethnic and biological ascendency , monitoring data , and other element of an integrated pest management approach . Many color exposure aid in identification .

Lawn Diseases

Bruneau , A.H. , J.E. Watkins , and R.C. Shearman . 1985.Turfgrass Disease and Damage Prevention and Control : A Common - Sense Approach . Lincoln : University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service Publications ( Publication EC81 - 1235 ) . 28 pp . Good color photos of lawn disease symptom make this a ready to hand tool for diagnosing lawn problem .

Chet , I. , and Y. Henis . 1985.Trichodermaas a biocontrol agent against soil - borne root pathogens inEcology and Management of Soil - Borne Pathogens , Proceedings of Section 5 of the Fourth International Congress of Plant Pathology , American Phyto - pathologic Society , St. Paul , Minnesota , eds . C.A. Parker et al . 358 pp . This bailiwick line the suppression of common soil pathogen byTrichodermafungi .

Couch , H.B. , 1973.Diseases of Turfgrass . Huntington , N.Y. : Krieger Publications . 348 pp . This is the most scholarly and comprehensive collection of information on turf disease currently in photographic print . There is a strong stress on understanding and change horticultural direction pattern that stimulate turf disease . alas , the Christian Bible is somewhat go steady and miss the latest info on potential biological controls and newer , less - toxic fungicides .

Couch , H.B. , 2000.The Turfgrass Disease Handbook . Malabar , Florida : Krieger Publishing Co. 209 pp .

Dernoeden . P.H. 1989.“Symptomatology and Management of Common Turfgrass Diseases in Transition Zone and Northern Regions”in Integrated Pest Management for Turfgrass and Ornamentals , eds . A.R. Leslie and R.L. Metcalf , pp . 273 - 289 . Washington , D.C. : U.S. EPA . ( Available from : GSCAA , 1617 St. Andrews Ave . , Lawrence , KS 66046 . ) A useful review of ethnical practices that keep or cure vulgar lawn disease .

Gibeault , V.A. , R. Autio , S. Spaulding , and V.B. Younger . 1980.Mixing turfgrasses controls Fusarium blight . California Agriculture34(10):11 - 12 . An excellent study demonstrating the effectiveness of establish a intermixture of grass varieties to increase disease security .

Hoitink , H.A.J. , and T.C. Fahey . 1986.Basis for the control of territory - borne plant pathogens with composts . Annual Review of Phytopathology24:93 - 114 . This is a generator of information on beneficial fungi in compost .

Katan , J. 1981.Solar heating ( solarization ) of soils for controller of land - borne pests . Annual Review of Phytopathology19:211 - 236 . An important study documenting enhanced plant life growth and suppression of disease in solarized dirt .

Ohr , H.D. 1978.Management practices to minimize disease problems . California Turfgrass Culture28(1):1 - 4 . A good review of ethnical practices on lawn that help prevent disease .

Scott , O.M. , and Sons . 1987.Scott ’s Guide to the Identification of Turfgrass Diseases and Insects . Marysville , Ohio : O.M. Scott and Sons , Co. 105 pp . Excellent colour photos and job drawing make this pouch - sized paper-back book a handy identification pecker .

Shurtleff , M.C. Jr. , 1955.Control of Turf Brown Patch . Providence : University of Rhode Island Agricultural Experiment Station ( Bulletin 862 ) . 25 pp . A report on ethnical practices that deoxidise chocolate-brown speckle .

Singh , H.B. , and U.P. Singh . 1980.Inhibition of increase and genus Sclerotium constitution inRhizoctonia solaniby garlic oil . Mycologia72:1022 - 1025 . One of the few scientific investigations of garlic oil as a fungicide .

Singh , U.P. , H.B. Singh , and R.B. Singh . 1980.The antifungal outcome of neem ( Azadirachta indica ) extracts on some filth - borne pathogen of gram ( Cicer arietinum).Mycologia72:1077 - 1093 . A discussion of the antifungal properties of neem .

Smiley . R.W. , ed . 1983.Compendium of Turfgrass Diseases . St. Paul , Minn. : American Phytopathological Society . 103 pp . A scholarly overview of the biology and ecology of most common lawn diseases . The information help you design ethnical practice to prevent or stop the progression of lawn disease .

Turgeon , A.J. , R.P. Freeborg , and W.N. Bruce . 1975.Thatch development and other effects of preemergence weed killer in Kentucky bluegrass turf . Agronomy Journal67 : 563 - 565 . This subject area documents elbow room in which repeated use of weed killer on lawns causes retentive - terminal figure sward damage .

Vargas , J.M. , Jr. , D. Roberts , T.K. Dannenberger , M. Otto , and R. Detweiler . 1989.“Biological Management of Turfgrass Pests and the Use of Prediction Models for More Accurate Pesticide Applications ” inIntegrated Pest Management for Turfgrasses and Ornamentals , eds . A.R. Leslie and R.L. Metcalf , pp . 121 - 126 . Washington , D.C. : U.S. EPA . This paper documents the effectiveness of the microbe - enrich constitutive plant food in contend necrotic ring spot on Kentucky bluegrass .

Lawn Weeds

Bowen , W.R. 1980.Turfgrass Pests . Oakland : University of California Cooperative Extension Service ( Publication 4053 ) . 53 pp . ( usable from : ANR Publications , 6701 San Pablo Ave . , Oakland , CA 94608 . ) A good rootage for identifying lawn insects , weeds , and diseases ; includes excellent colour exposure .

DiTomaso , J.M. and E.A. Healy . 2007.Weeds of California and Other Western States : Volumes 1 and 2 . Oakland , California : University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources . Volume 1 : 834 pp . and Volume 2 : 974 pp . This two - intensity set is available through UC - ANR . Visit their catalogue website for these and other publications ( anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu ) . While these first-class volumes are take primarily at the Western States , there are many sens listed that are present elsewhere in the U.S. and Canada . Excellent photographs and text edition .

McCarty , L.B. , J.W. Everest , D.W. Hall , T.R. Murphy , and F. Yelverton . 2001.Color Atlas of Turfgrass Weeds . Ann Arbor , Michigan : Sleeping Bear Press . 269 pp .

Mansfield , R. 1977.Weed Control in North American Ornamental and Sports Turf : An Integrated Approach . Burnaby , B.C. : Simon Fraser University ( Pest Management Paper No . 12 ) . 98 pp . ( Available from : SFU , Burnaby , B.C. , Canada V5A 1S6 ) . This master copy ’s dissertation contains a full discussion of chiefly cultural approaches to weed direction in turf . The bibliography is thoroughgoing for the period of time up to 1977 .

Shearman , R.C. , D.M. Bishop , A.H. Bruneau , and J.D. Farrer . 1983.Turfgrass Weed Identification and Control : A Common Sense Approach . Lincoln : University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension Publications ( Publication EC83 - 2241 ) . 42 pp . Color picture and abbreviated descriptions of symptom make this a handy puppet for place lawn insects , weeds , and diseases .

Moles

Henderson , F.R. 1983.“Moles ” inPrevention and Control of Wildlife Damage , ed . R. Trimm . Lincoln : University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service . 9 pp . This publication hold the most comprehensive discourse of gram molecule trap techniques we have pick up to escort .

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Chapter 7: Some Useful Inorganics, Organics, and Botanicals

Chapter 12: Preventing Lawn Pests

Chapter 11: Safe and Sane Weed Management

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