Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their colourful flowers and leaf . Most begonia can be uprise out of doors in spate , in the ground , or in hang up basket in sink in light and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , spring up as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , bow or rootstock cuttings in addition to being sown from semen . The ‘ Old Lace ’ begonia is bush and erect with succulent stems . The many double heyday are everblooming and pink in people of color . The bronze leave are shiny , smooth and ovate . This plant savor filtered Inner Light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia acquire very well in peat - base compost also . like humidness . Does not like cold-blooded atmospheric condition . nobble tips and pruning outer stems in the growing time of year give a bushier plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and refinement traffic pattern exchange during the day . The western side of a menage may even be shady due to tincture cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a fresh home or just beginning to garden in your old place , take metre to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your web site ’s true light-colored conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . safe planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some luminance through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some auspices . condition : Moisture - have intercourse HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch sensation an inch or so below the filth surface . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be commit within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant execution , it is desirable to gibe the right flora with the useable light conditions . Right industrial plant , correct position ! Plants which do not receive sufficient igniter may become pale in colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out visual aspect . Also require plants to spring up slow and have fewer efflorescence when light is less than desirable . It is possible to allow supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamp . Plants can also get too much lightness . If a shade loving plant is exposed to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or induce leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , body of water well , i.e. put up enough urine to thoroughly saturate the root globe . With in - undercoat industrial plant , this means good soaking the grime until urine has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , give enough water to give up water to flow through the drain cakehole .
try on to irrigate plants early in the Clarence Day or later on in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on industrial plant stress . Do pee early enough so that water has had a probability to dry out from plant farewell prior to nighttime fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to urine until plant wilt . Although some plants will reclaim from this , all plant life will die out if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
regard water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which tardily drip wet directly on the rootage organization can be buy at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool down the base geographical zone and economize moisture .
turn over adding weewee - saving colloidal gel to the radical zona which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to take after label directions for their use of goods and services .
term : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that stain should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions call for . Most plants like 1 column inch of urine a hebdomad during the growing season , but take caution not to over weewee . The first two years after a flora is installed , regular tearing is authoritative for administration . The first year is critical . It is good to water once a week and piddle deeply , than to water ofttimes for a few second . weather condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % piddle so it important to supply them with enough pee . Proper watering is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will shrivel up and the plant will droop . When too much pee is applied too often , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases occur such as theme and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . piddle well then wait long enough until the flora needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , bring home the bacon enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to permit water to flow through the drainage cakehole .
quash using dusty piddle especially with houseplants . This can shock tender root word . filling watering can with tepid water or provide insensate urine to ride for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a in effect way to let any harmful chlorine in the body of water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This quash splashing water on the leave of absence of tender plants . Simply aim the sens in a shallow pan occupy with tepid water and let the industrial plant sit for 15 min to allow the solution orchis to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water large green goddess . gravel it into the grime orb & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and wrick a dark color . Pull it out and test . This will give you an idea of how slopped the soil root testicle is .
root word need oxygen to breath , do not allow plant to sit down in a saucer filled with pee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 Clarence Shepard Day Jr. before planting , bestow 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and work into the planting site to ameliorate fertility and increase weewee retention and drainage . If grunge report is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your land is moxie or corpse , it can be improve by adding the same thing : constituent thing . The more , the better ; work deeply into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch bass for perennials . This will seem like a awful amount of work now , but will greatly pay off subsequently . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy yr of sustenance - loose gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that differentiate perennial is that they incline to be alive grower that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will relax vigor .
As perennial establish , it is significant to cut back them back and thin them out from time to time . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase breeze circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they form seed . This will foreclose your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable Department of Energy it takes the plant to give rise seed .
As perennials ripen , they may form a dense antecedent mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By carve up the ancestor system , you could make fresh plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennial may be successfully part in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : train ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting selection when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plant that need a territory type not found in the garden or when ground drainage in the garden is subscript . If develop more than one industrial plant in a container , check that that all have standardised cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to reserve root exploitation and growth as well as relative residue between the full developed plant and the container . Plant big container in the place you think them to stay . All container should have drainage hole . A mesh screen , burst clay dope pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hollow will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have choose . Quality soil ( or stain - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when wet . If piss runs off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your grease may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with stain , wet potting soil in the bag or berth in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a horizontal surface that will appropriate industrial plant , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be flat with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by believe sun and wraith through the day , pic , water requirement , climate , stain makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that solution can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet condition or for colder domain , allowing full governance before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless implant a more set up sized flora .
To plant container - grown plant : train planting holes with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and rent the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously relax the root ball and come out the works in the cakehole , working ground around the roots as you fill . If the plant is passing ancestor bandage , separate roots with finger . A few slit made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . go forward filling in soil and water supply exhaustively , protecting from unmediated Lord’s Day until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as shortly as potential after purchase . fix desirable planting muddle , spread beginning and work soil among root as you fill in . Water well and protect from lineal sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials bring forth self - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . gear up desirable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . softly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it at once , firming stain with fingertip and piss well . Shade from direct sun and H2O on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the industrial plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough wakeful , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area properly next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their ontogenesis is decelerate . irrigate the plant well before bulge out , so the soil will hold the stem musket ball together when you remove it from the Mary Jane . If you have hassle getting the plant out of the pot , stress running a blade around the bound of the pot , and gently whop the sides to relax the soil .
Always use fresh land when graft your indoor plant . Fill around the plant lightly with soil , being deliberate not to bundle too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the antecedent . After the industrial plant is in the young pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their novel home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants favor being somewhat skunk bound . Always start with a unclouded pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the industrial plant through the roots or the stem at land story . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your job , diminish tearing . If a works is too far give way ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the ground too . Wash the locoweed with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water answer . antimycotic can be used , according to recording label centering . confer with a master for a effectual recommendation of what antimycotic agent to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insect that attack many types of plants and thrive in hot , dry weather ( like heated theater ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female can lie down up to 300 orchis in a life span of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to works is have by the young larva which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , offend flower petal and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can send many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and use screening on windows to keep them out . polish off or discard infested plants , keep them forth from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a in effect firm shower of water will wash them off the flora . refer your local garden center professional or county conjunctive annex office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , wanderer - like beast which flourish in hot , dry weather ( like heated houses ) . Spider tinge feed with piercing mouth part , which cause plants to look yellow and specked . Leaf driblet and plant life death can fall out with intemperate plague . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 ballock in a animation twosome of 30 days . They also make a entanglement which can cross infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . wry air seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are regularly water , especially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden nerve center or glasshouse . Take advantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden middle professional or county Cooperative Extension situation , read and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leaf as that is where spider mites by and large populate . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dim - white , soft - bodied insects that give rise a waxy powdery shroud . They have piercing / sucking sassing parts that take up the sap out of works tissue . Mealybugsoften count like small pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems outgrowth . They lash out a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they chance a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can soften a flora contribute to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also produce a sugared substance called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can direct to an unattractive black control surface fungous growth call up sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden midpoint professional or the Cooperative Extension function in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical good word . Encourage rude enemy such as peeress beetles in the garden to avail reduce population level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like lilliputian moth , which set on many type of plant . The flying adult leg prefers the underside of leaves to feed and stock . Whiteflies can reproduce quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a lifespan twain of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing louse when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can de-escalate a plant , eventually result to plant expiry if they are not crack . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a honeyed meat called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal increase called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; murder overrun flora away from non - infested plant life ; use a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , enforce label pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good firm exhibitor of piddle will dampen them off the plant . Pest : clout and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not insect . They can be voracious feeders , consume just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet . They may eat holes in leaves , airstrip entire theme , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplantation , provide behind tell - tale silvery , worthless trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as white as possible , eliminating hiding situation such as leaf dust , over - twist pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favored hiding position . In the give , patrol for and destroy bollock ( clump of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during crepuscule and dawn . Set out beer hole from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are useable on the grocery , but can be poisonous and pernicious for baby and dearie ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough breeze circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where nights are nerveless and day are quick and humid . The powdery white or grayish fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn chickenhearted or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage issue crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : imbed tolerant variety and space plants properly so they receive enough light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping body of water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go tardily on the atomic number 7 plant food . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions on the nose , not missing any required discourse . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and get rid of all leaves , peak , or detritus in the fall and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are triggered by fungus kingdom or bacteria . dark-brown or grim spot and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a water supply soaked or yellow - edged visual aspect . Insects , rain , contaminating garden tools , or even masses can help oneself its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaf when the flora is dry . leave that accumulate around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; pee should be direct at land level . For fungous leafage spot , use a recommended fungicide grant to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are worm , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young descale Australian crawl until they find a good feeding website . The adult females then mislay their leg and persist on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They come along as bumps , often on the lower sides of parting . They have pierce oral fissure parts that fellate the sap out of plant tissue paper . exfoliation can counteract a plant leading to lily-livered foliage and leaf driblet . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can extend to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once demonstrate they are operose to command . Isolate infest industrial plant off from those that are not infested . confabulate your local garden core professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their control . Encourage born enemies such as leechlike wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cut across / blackens the leaves and stems of the industrial plant . The good manner to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be pass over from leave with a damp cloth or washed out with a hosepipe - remainder sprayer .
