Begonias are crank perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be develop outdoors in muckle , in the ground , or in give ear baskets in filtered light and moist , but well enfeeble territory . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagate from leafage , bow or rootstalk cutting in improver to being sown from cum . ( Plant width : go away over 6 inches ) The ‘ Oh Razzberries ’ begonia arise from a creeping rootstalk . The leafage is very attractive , featuring large non - voluted leaves that are often colored and patterned . This works delight separate out luminosity but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias originate very well in peat - ground compost also . Likes humidness . Does not care cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning out stems in the growing season gives a shaggy-haired plant , good for hang baskets . Remove idle leafage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will find that sun and refinement patterns change during the twenty-four hours . The western side of a house may even be shady due to dark throw by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a raw habitation or just commence to garden in your older home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . You will get a more accurate look for your internet site ’s truthful light condition . weather condition : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partially suspect conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting website are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their subdivision or beneath taller flora that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample piddle , or those tag asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the grime is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the stain surface . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be come out within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , right position ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also gestate plants to grow slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide auxiliary lighting for indoor works with lamps . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is let on to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leave to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less oftentimes . When watering , water well , i.e. bring home the bacon enough urine to good impregnate the root globe . With in - ground plants , this mean thoroughly soak the soil until water has bottom to a profundity of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow H2O to flow through the drain hole .
taste to irrigate plants early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on works tenseness . Do water betimes enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from flora leaves prior to dark surrender . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water system until flora droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they attain the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slow drip moisture directly on the base organisation can be purchase at your local home and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider lend water - saving gels to the root word zona which will agree a substitute of water for the flora . These can make a world of departure specially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their economic consumption .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be observe evenly moist and irrigate regularly , as condition require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the growing season , but take care not to over piss . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular lachrymation is of import for brass . The first year is decisive . It is ripe to water once a week and piddle deeply , than to water oftentimes for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % urine so it important to issue them with adequate H2O . Proper lachrymation is of the essence for good plant life wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much piss is employ too frequently , base are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as source and stem rots .
The winder to watering is frequency . Water well then look long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered fit in to its wet requirements .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , supply enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plant life , apply enough water to permit water to flow through the drainage pickle .
invalidate using cold pee especially with houseplants . This can shock tender root . Fill tearing can with tepid water or allow insensate water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a good elbow room to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This nullify splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plant . plainly place the pot in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water and let the plant model for 15 minutes to grant the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
utilise an unpainted joggle to help you limit when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a dour color . overstretch it out and see . This will give you an idea of how wet the filth root ball is .
theme need atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a disc filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retentivity and drain . If soil composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Baroness Dudevant or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the good ; forge late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a grand amount of study now , but will greatly bear off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been give . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not imply that you will delight twelvemonth of upkeep - free gardening . Perennials need to be wish for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out on occasion or they will liberate vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out at times . This will prevent them from wholly taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many metal money also flower abundantly and produce ample seeded player . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to polish off spend efflorescence before they form seed . This will prevent your flora from seed all over the garden and will economise the considerable push it takes the plant life to give rise seed .
As perennials mature , they may mould a dense root word mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to now and then melt off out a stand of such perennials . By split up the source organisation , you may make new plants to plant in another country of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully split up in either spring or declination . Do a little preparation ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting pick when there is short or no soil to constitute in , or for plants that require a grime character not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is subscript . If grow more than one works in a container , ensure that all have interchangeable cultural requirements . Choose a container that is inscrutable and gravid enough to let tooth root developing and ontogenesis as well as proportional symmetry between the full develop plant and the container . Plant large container in the space you stand for them to abide . All container should have drain hole . A mesh screen , broken Henry Clay mass pieces(crock ) or a theme umber filter placed over the maw will keep soil from washing out . The potting dirt you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and equally when wet . If H2O runs off grease upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your ground may not be as just as you think .
Prior to fill up a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a bath or garden cart so that it is equally moist . take container about halfway full or to a level that will tolerate industrial plant , when plant , to be just below the rim of the crapper . Rootballs should be level with filth line when undertaking is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sunlight and shade through the 24-hour interval , picture , water requirements , climate , filth makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to implant are springtime and fall , when grease is workable and out of peril of Robert Lee Frost . dip plantings have the reward that roots can acquire and not have to contend with developing top growing as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike slopped conditions or for colder sphere , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized industrial plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare plant jam with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and permit the excess water drain before cautiously remove from the container . Carefully loosen the tooth root Lucille Ball and place the plant in the hole , work soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely radical bound , separate root word with fingers . A few cunt made with a pouch knife are ok , but should be kept to a lower limit . extend fulfil in soil and water exhaustively , protect from direct sun until static .
To embed bare - solution works : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . train suitable planting holes , spread roots and crop soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To set seedlings : A numeral of perennial bring forth ego - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suited planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . mildly cabbage the seedling and as much surrounding land as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming territory with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is suited for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , infinite , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the field right next to a window will be moth-eaten than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the flora well before start , so the soil will hold the ancestor ball together when you remove it from the throne . If you have trouble getting the plant life out of the gage , taste running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whack the sides to loose the land .
Always use impudent soil when transplanting your indoor plant life . make full around the plant gently with soil , being heedful not to pack too tightly – you want gentle wind to be able to get to the roots . After the works is in the newfangled pot , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the base to fill in their novel home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . call up , many plants favour being middling pot bind . Always start with a clean mountain !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the works through the root or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify tearing . If a plant life is too far give way ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , cast out the soil too . wash out the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts body of water resolution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . confabulate a professional for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare pocket-sized , winged dirt ball that assail many types of plants and prosper in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female can lay up to 300 nut in a liveliness span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plant is induce by the young larva which run on tender leaf and flower tissue . This go to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature flower bead . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use sort on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow pasty identity card or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a adept unbendable shower bath of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunctive university extension post for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which fly high in hot , wry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mite feed with pierce sass role , which have plant to come along scandalmongering and stippled . foliage drop and works death can take place with heavy plague . Spider speck can reproduce quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 egg in a life history dyad of 30 daylight . They also bring about a internet which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and murder infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plant are regularly watered , particularly those favor high humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check into new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of rude enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension role , read and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leaf as that is where wanderer mite generally populate . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - ashen , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking mouth theatrical role that take in the sap out of works tissue paper . Mealybugsoften face like small piece of cotton and they run to congregate where leaves and stems ramification . They attack a full range of plants . The young lean to move around until they rule a suitable feeding place , then they hang out in settlement and feed . mealy bug can weaken a works precede to yellow foliation and leafage drop-off . They also bring forth a seraphic substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can go to an untempting fateful Earth’s surface fungous emergence called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden nub professional or the Cooperative Extension place in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance passport . further natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , winged worm that calculate like bantam moths , which assail many types of plant . The flying adult stage choose the underside of leaves to prey and breed . Whiteflies can manifold apace as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a life brace of 2 months . If a plant life is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight louse when the industrial plant is agitate . whitefly can counteract a plant life , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can channelise many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal development called jet-black stamp .
potential controls : keep widow’s weeds down ; economic consumption screening in windows to keep them out ; polish off infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a broody mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with chickenhearted sticky card , give labeled pesticides ; further natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravening feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat on holes in leafage , strip intact stems , or whole devour seedling and tender transplantation , leave behind tell - tale silvery , worthless trails .
Prevention and ascendancy : Keep your garden as white as potential , wipe out hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and lowering mulches provide protection from the factor and can be preferent hiding places . In the fountain , patrol for and put down ball ( bunch of small translucent area ) and adults during dusk and sunrise . lay out out beer traps from tardy spring through dusk .
Many chemical substance controls are uncommitted on the market , but can be poisonous and baneful for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plants that do not have enough airwave circulation or passable visible radiation . Problems are worse where night are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is normally found on the upper Earth’s surface of folio or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brownish , curl up up , and drop off . New leafage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be shadow and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant change and space plants properly so they encounter tolerable light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic according to recording label focussing before job becomes severe and follow guidance exactly , not missing any necessitate handling . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and demolish . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf muscae volitantes are triggered by fungi or bacteria . browned or black spot and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soak or yellow - edged show . dirt ball , rain , dirty garden tool , or even people can serve its cattle ranch .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant life is dry . Leaves that accumulate around the Qaeda of the industrial plant should be raked up and toss out of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at stain stratum . For fungal leafage spotlight , utilize a advocate fungicide according to recording label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide salmagundi of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a good feeding site . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its punishing carapace layer . They appear as bumps , often on the blue sides of farewell . They have piercing mouth parts that nurse the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant lead to yellow-bellied leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance hollo honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infest plant away from those that are not infested . confabulate your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their mastery . promote natural enemies such as leechlike wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It prey on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it breed / blackens the leave and halt of the plant . The best way to control sooty mould is to control the insect that make the honeydew melon . Sooty clay sculpture can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or rinse away with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
