Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be farm outdoors in pots , in the land , or in hang basket in trickle light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , produce as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagate from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being inseminate from source . This shaggy-coated begonia has attractive leaf with hairy , blanket leaves . The many flowers are everblooming and whitened . Stemming is just and zig - zag between the node . This plant enjoys strain light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias mature very well in peat - base compost also .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and ghost patterns exchange during the day . The western side of a house may even be shadowy due to dark cast by turgid Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a social organization from an side by side property . If you have just bought a new nursing home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate spirit for your site ’s lawful tripping condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer part louche conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that allow some light through their branches or beneath tall plant that will provide some protection . condition : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the growing zone . Shade can be the result of a mature stand of Tree or shadows cast by a theatre or construction . Plants that require full shade are usually susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath trees may pose extra problems ; not only is there no light , but competition for water , nutrient and root space .
Partial shademeans that an area receive separate out lightsome , often through grandiloquent branches of an open growing tree . Root contention is ordinarily less . Partial tad can also be achieve by locating a plant life beneath an arbor or lathe - like structure . umbrageous sides of a building are ordinarily the northerly or northeasterly sides . These sides also tend to be a little tank . It is not uncommon for works that can tolerate full Lord’s Day or some Dominicus in cooler climates to require some shade in affectionate climates due to focus placed on the plant life from reduced moisture and excessive heat . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that want ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot stain becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning admit : pinching , cutting , shearing and restore .
Pinching is move out the stem tips of a young plant to promote fork . Doing this avoids the need for more dangerous pruning later on .
Thinning involves take whole branches back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the Department of the Interior of a plant to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The best way to start thinning is to begin by removing dead or diseased Mrs. Henry Wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a shrub using hand or electric shears . This is done to maintain the desired shape of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of old branches or the overall reduction of the size of a shrub to reconstruct its original form and size of it . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a works at a fourth dimension . Remember to remove branch from the interior of the works as well as the exterior . When rejuvenating plants with cane , such as nandina , geld back canes at various heights so that plant life will have a more natural look . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern pic windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best works performance , it is worthy to fit the right plant with the available wakeful conditions . correct plant life , right place ! plant life which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out visual aspect . Also expect plant life to grow sluggish and have fewer blooming when brightness level is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade bang plant is disclose to direct Dominicus , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it maybe diverted to a drain ditch . If drain is poor where water table is high , install an underground drainage scheme . You should contact a contractor for this . If underground drains already exist , check to see if they are blocked .
Gallic drains are another choice . French drainpipe are ditch that have been fill up with crushed rock . It is okay to embed sod on top of them . More noticeable , but a ripe solution where aspect are n’t as important , think of the Gallic drain as a ditch filled with gravel . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet bass and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a crushed rock filled Hell where water is diverted to via clandestine pipes . This works well on web site that have constrict soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and filled with gravel or crushed stone , topped with sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert piddle onto other hoi polloi ’s property . If you do not sense that you’re able to implement a workable solution on your own , call a declarer . prick : Watering AidesNo gardener depends 100 % on natural rain . Even the most H2O conscious garden appreciates the proper hose , watering can or wand .
The Francis Scott Key to watering is water deeply and less ofttimes . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough pee to good impregnate the root bollock . With in - footing plants , this means thoroughly soaking the grease until piddle has fathom to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough body of water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
endeavor to irrigate plant early in the daytime or later in the afternoon to conserve water and edit out down on flora focus . Do water early on enough so that water has had a hazard to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plant will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drop wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool off the root zone and conserve moisture .
take adding water - save gelatin to the root zone which will reserve a substitute of H2O for the plant . These can make a world of conflict especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be kept equally moist and water regularly , as conditions demand . Most plant like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two year after a flora is establish , even lachrymation is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to body of water frequently for a few second . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are indite of almost 90 % weewee so it important to supply them with adequate water . right watering is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough body of water , origin will wither and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much water is give too oft , radical are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . water system well then look long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough weewee to thoroughly impregnate the root glob . With containerized plant life , apply enough water to tolerate water to run through the drain hole .
ward off using cold water specially with houseplants . This can shock tender base . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or tolerate cold pee to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good direction to allow any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This invalidate splosh urine on the leaves of sensitive plants . just direct the pot in a shallow pan satisfy with tepid water and permit the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the source formal to be exhaustively loaded . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger heap . bind it into the grime ball & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will engulf moisture from the soil and twist a glum color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an estimation of how wet the grime rootage ball is .
Roots postulate oxygen to hint , do not allow plants to pose in a saucer filled with water . This will only further disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , bring 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and work into the planting site to meliorate fecundity and increase water holding and drainage . If filth composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be count as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Henry Clay , it can be improve by adding the same matter : constituent thing . The more , the better ; work deep into the filth . organize beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off afterwards . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once flora have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not entail that you will enjoy year of criminal maintenance - innocent gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other industrial plant . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they lean to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials ground , it is authoritative to lop them back and thin them out on occasion . This will prevent them from totally involve over an area to the exclusion of other works , and also will increase air circulation thereby boil down the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also blossom abundantly and create ample seed . As prime fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they organise seed . This will forbid your plant life from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the plant to produce seed .
As perennials maturate , they may form a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to once in a while thin out a stand of such perennials . By divide the root system , you may make young plant life to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will provoke new development and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a small preparation ; some perennial do have a predilection . How - to : educate ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic characteristic , a planting option when there is picayune or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have interchangeable ethnic necessary . Choose a container that is mysterious and gravid enough to leave root ontogeny and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the station you destine them to outride . All container should have drain holes . A mesh projection screen , broken clay bay window pieces(crock ) or a paper umber filter lay over the yap will keep grunge from washing out . The potting stain you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have prefer . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) ingest wet readily and evenly when wet . If weewee runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you conceive .
Prior to make full a container with grime , wet potting soil in the suitcase or place in a tub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the corporation . Rootballs should be tied with soil line when task is complete . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by believe sun and shade through the Clarence Day , vulnerability , piddle requirements , climate , filth makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best times to implant are spring and twilight , when soil is executable and out of peril of icing . declension planting have the reward that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top ontogenesis as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike blind drunk conditions or for colder areas , allowing full organisation before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless implant a more lay down sized works .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and distance between . Water the works thoroughly and countenance the supernumerary weewee drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loose the root glob and place the works in the hole , knead grunge around the roots as you fill . If the works is extremely root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a sac knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . go on fill in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To engraft bare - rootage plants : works as shortly as possible after leverage . Prepare desirable planting holes , spread roots and work grunge among rootage as you meet in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To constitute seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transfer . You may also begin your own seedling seam for transplanting . organise suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant exploitation . Gently lift the seedling and as much surround dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming stain with fingertip and water well . Shade from lineal sunshine and water regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the consideration you are capable to leave it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . recall that the surface area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transfer into a larger container periodically , or they become great deal / etymon - bandage and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the grease will hold the beginning testis together when you remove it from the pot . If you have bother getting the plant out of the pot , try run a steel around the edge of the raft , and gently wallop the side to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when graft your indoor works . Fill around the plant lightly with grease , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you want melodic phrase to be able to get to the root . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will further the root word to fill in their Modern home plate .
The size pot you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch not bad in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a clean pot!How - to : RepotNow is the correct time to repot .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and inscribe the plant through the ancestor or the stem at grunge horizontal surface . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a flora is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the dirt too . launder the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts piddle solution . Fungicides can be used , allot to label directions . Consult a professional for a legal passport of what fungicide to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare lowly , winged insects that snipe many type of plants and thrive in blistering , dry shape ( like heated houses ) . They can breed quick as a female can lie up to 300 ballock in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the harm to plant is due to the young larvae which feast on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower petals and untimely bloom drib . Thrips also can carry many harmful works computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and practice screen on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested industrial plant , keep them away from non - infested plant life . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of rude enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a honest steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . look up your local garden center professional or county accommodative extension place for legal chemical good word . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like wight which thrive in blistering , dry conditions ( like heated sign of the zodiac ) . Spider mite fertilize with piercing mouthpiece parts , which cause plants to seem yellowish and speckled . folio drop and plant life decease can occur with heavy infestation . wanderer mites can breed quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a World Wide Web which can cover infested leaf and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep locoweed down and remove infested flora . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are on a regular basis watered , especially those preferring eminent humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always chink new plant prior to play them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and watch all label directions . Concentrate your effort on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites broadly speaking live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , ho-hum - white , subdued - bodied insects that bring about a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth role that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton plant and they be given to congregate where leave of absence and halt leg . They attack a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they cling out in Colony and feed . mealy bug can soften a plant leading to yellow leafage and leaf bead . They also grow a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can run to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungal increment address jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . look up your local garden shopping mall professional or the Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as madam beetles in the garden to help reduce universe point of mealy bugs . blighter : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which assail many type of flora . The flying adult phase prefers the bottom of leaves to course and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a lifetime span of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insect when the plant life is upset . whitefly can countermine a plant , eventually leading to imbed death if they are not checked . They can communicate many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sugared substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black airfoil fungal growth prognosticate sooty mold .
Possible ascendence : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants off from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unbendable shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may run through holes in leave , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplant , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and dominance : Keep your garden as clean as potential , annihilate concealment place such as leaf detritus , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowy places and heavy mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding lieu . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of modest translucent arena ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from previous give through fall .
Many chemical controls are useable on the securities industry , but can be poisonous and deadly for baby and pets ; take attention when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . trouble are worse where night are cool and days are fond and humid . The powdery whitened or gray fungus is unremarkably find oneself on the upper aerofoil of leaf or yield . leafage will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off off . fresh foliage come out wrinkle and perverted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : implant tolerant variety and outer space plants properly so they have adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping body of water off the foliage . This is paramount for rosiness . Go easily on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antifungal according to recording label way before problem becomes severe and follow counseling exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and off all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungi or bacterium . Brown or black-market spots and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearing . worm , rain , dirty garden tools , or even multitude can help its spread head .
Prevention and Control : absent infected leaves when the flora is ironic . Leaves that collect around the fundament of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . stave off overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf smirch , utilize a recommended fungicide according to recording label direction .
pesterer : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy hemipteron , that can be a job on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales Australian crawl until they find a good alimentation website . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a blot protected by its hard shell stratum . They appear as bulge , often on the crushed sides of leaves . They have thrust mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can subvert a plant leading to white-livered leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet gist called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can go to an unattractive black surface fungal ontogeny call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are punishing to hold . Isolate overrun plant aside from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . further innate enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is line up on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bug , graduated table , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it underwrite / blackens the leaves and stems of the flora . The best style to check sooty mold is to control the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty moulding can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp textile or washed away with a hose - end atomiser .
