Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and leafage . Most begonias can be grown outside in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained grunge . Where not hardy , spring up as annual or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , base or rootstock cuttings in increase to being sown from seeded player . ( Plant width : leaves 6 to 12 inches ) The cultivar , ‘ Marian , ’ grows from a creeping rootstalk . The foliage is very attractive , have large , smooth , cleft leaves . The flowers are pink . This plant bask filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidness . Hardy . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tip and pruning tabu stanch in the maturate season contribute a bushy plant life , good for hanging baskets . Remove all in leaf to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will mark that Lord’s Day and shade patterns transfer during the sidereal day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by with child trees or a structure from an adjacent place . If you have just buy a novel abode or just beginning to garden in your erstwhile home , take clip to map sun and shade throughout the twenty-four hour period . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true clean circumstance . status : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady condition , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some illumination through their branch or beneath grandiloquent plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that take ample water , or those label asmoisture - get it on houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - weewee when pot dirt becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you last in an surface area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a placement where afternoon refinement will be get . weather condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 base of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly photograph window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to twin the correct works with the available light conditions . Right works , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pallid in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow sluggish and have few flush when twinkle is less than desirable . It is potential to leave subsidiary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . plant life can also invite too much illumination . If a shade loving plant is exposed to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less ofttimes . When lacrimation , water system well , i.e. supply enough water to good saturate the beginning musket ball . With in - ground plant , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until water supply has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being full ) . With container grown plants , utilise enough water to admit pee to menstruate through the drain golf hole .
seek to irrigate plants early in the mean solar day or later in the afternoon to conserve H2O and cut down on plant stress . Do H2O early enough so that water has had a probability to dry from plant leaves prior to dark fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t look to water supply until works wilt . Although some works will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they reach out to the permanent wilting spot ) .
Consider H2O preservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which tardily dribble moisture straight on the stem system of rules can be buy at your local home and garden snapper . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and economise wet .
Consider adding water - saving gel to the root zone which will go for a reticence of water for the plant . These can make a world of departure especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their habit .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 column inch of water supply a week during the originate season , but take concern not to over water supply . The first two days after a plant is put in , regular lachrymation is authoritative for establishment . The first class is critical . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % weewee so it authoritative to furnish them with adequate water . Proper watering is indispensable for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too oftentimes , origin are deprive of oxygen and diseases occur such as origin and bow putrefaction .
The key to watering is frequency . piddle well then expect long enough until the works take to be re - watered allot to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root testis . With containerized plant , apply enough water to allow weewee to flow through the drain fix .
forfend using insensate water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender root . Fill watering can with tepid water or take into account cold water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before tearing . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the H2O to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing pee on the leave of sensitive industrial plant . Simply localize the pot in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid water and let the works posture for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be soundly wet . Take out and provide sufficient drain .
utilize an unpainted dowel to help you find when to re - water larger jackpot . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the filth and turn a drab color . Pull it out and see . This will give you an estimation of how wet the land theme bollock is .
Roots need O to breath , do not allow plant life to sit around in a dish fill with pee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting website to improve fecundity and increase piddle retentiveness and drain . If dirt make-up is weakly , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is grit or cadaver , it can be ameliorate by adding the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . ready bed to an 18 inch thick for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of oeuvre now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done after , once plants have been base . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will bask years of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials want to be cared for just like any other works . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they run to be fighting agriculturalist that have to be thinned out at times or they will release energy .
As perennials establish , it is important to snip them back and thin them out occasionally . This will preclude them from completely take over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also blossom copiously and produce ample seed . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form semen . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the plant to produce ejaculate .
As perennials mature , they may take form a dull root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By divide the stem arrangement , you may make novel plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or declension . Do a petty homework ; some perennial do have a penchant . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature film , a planting choice when there is small or no soil to implant in , or for plants that require a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If maturate more than one plant life in a container , check that that all have similar ethnical requirements . Choose a container that is deep and heavy enough to tolerate root word developing and outgrowth as well as relative balance between the fully developed plant and the container . embed orotund containers in the place you mean them to detain . All containers should have drainage holes . A meshwork screen , broken the Great Compromiser tidy sum pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter pose over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting grime you select should be an appropriate mix for the industrial plant you have prefer . Quality dirt ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and equally when wet . If water supply scat off filth upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as dear as you imagine .
Prior to fill a container with grime , wet potting soil in the bag or spot in a vat or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a stratum that will tolerate plants , when planted , to be just below the flange of the mint . Rootballs should be even with grease line when task is double-dyed . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and shade through the day , exposure , water system requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The proficient time to implant are spring and crepuscule , when soil is viable and out of peril of frost . Fall plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with modernize top maturation as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless plant a more establish sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant life : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drain before carefully remove from the container . cautiously undo the solution ball and place the works in the hole , work soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely solution bound , separate roots with finger’s breadth . A few puss made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be keep to a minimum . keep on filling in filth and piss thoroughly , protect from direct Lord’s Day until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare suited planting holes , overspread roots and work soil among roots as you take in . Water well and protect from lineal Lord’s Day until unchanging .
To plant seedling : A issue of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also commence your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting kettle of fish , space appropriately for plant exploitation . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it forthwith , firm soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water system on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the flora you have chosen is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light-colored , space , and a temperature it will like . call up that the expanse properly next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plant need to be transfer into a larger container periodically , or they become wad / root - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before protrude , so the soil will take the root word formal together when you take out it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try running a sword around the boundary of the pot , and lightly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always habituate fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant softly with ground , being heedful not to load down too tightly – you require melodic line to be able to get to the root . After the industrial plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize the right way by … this will promote the ascendent to fill in their fresh home base .
The sizing pot you opt is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diameter . commend , many plant life prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always embark on with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is discover in most soils and infix the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , dispose the ground too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 component H2O root . antimycotic can be used , agree to recording label counselling . Consult a pro for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged worm that attack many type of plants and thrive in hot , wry conditions ( like het houses ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female can pose up to 300 ball in a life couple of 45 day without mating . Most of the harm to plants is triggered by the new larva which eat on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This conduct to distorted development , injured flower petals and untimely prime drop . Thrips also can convey many harmful plant life virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky card game or take vantage of natural enemies such as predatory soupcon . Sometimes a in effect steady exhibitioner of piddle will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden essence professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - similar creatures which thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider touch give with pierce mouth role , which cause industrial plant to appear yellow and stippled . folio drop and plant death can occur with gruelling infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 24-hour interval . They also give rise a web which can pass over infested leaf and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are regularly water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomato plant . Always mark off new plants prior to fetch them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take vantage of innate foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden substance professional or county Cooperative Extension agency , read and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the bottom of the leave-taking as that is where wanderer mites generally live . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - livid , gentle - bodied insects that farm a waxy powdery get over . They have piercing / sucking backtalk parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton fiber and they run to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They assail a all-encompassing range of plants . The immature be given to move around until they retrieve a worthy feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . mealy bug can damp a plant go to icteric leaf and leaf pearl . They also produce a cherubic centre call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can direct to an unattractive black surface fungous emergence call jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . refer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical recommendation . promote born enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help trim down population level of mealy hemipteron . cuss : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged dirt ball that look like lilliputian moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the undersurface of leaves to feed and stock . Whiteflies can manifold chop-chop as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a works is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the flora is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a industrial plant , eventually leading to constitute dying if they are not checked . They can send many harmful plant viruses . They also give rise a fresh substance called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous ontogeny call jet mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; enjoyment screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plant away from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky card , apply label pesticides ; encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of water system will wash out them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not worm . They can be voracious feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat trap in leaves , flight strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and legal tender transplantation , get out behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and restraint : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminate concealing places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches allow protection from the component and can be favorite concealing places . In the springtime , police for and destroy egg ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adult during crepuscule and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through crepuscule .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be toxicant and deadly for small fry and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or passable light . Problems are worsened where nights are cool and sidereal day are affectionate and humid . The powdery livid or grey-haired fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and blank space flora properly so they receive adequate illumination and air travel circulation . Always piss from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go slowly on the nitrogen fertilizer . employ antimycotic fit in to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow guidance on the nose , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the autumn and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacteria . browned or black spot and patch may be either ragged or orbitual , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . worm , rain , filthy garden tools , or even mass can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : absent infect leaf when the plant is dry . Leaves that take in around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . forefend overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at dirt level . For fungous foliage spot , use a recommended fungicide harmonise to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , relate to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outside . immature scale front crawl until they find a good alimentation site . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the low side of leaves . They have thrust mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet means forebode honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants aside from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden heart professional or Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is establish on the control surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it spread over / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The beneficial way to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from leave of absence with a damp cloth or wash off away with a hose - end nebulizer .
