begonia are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and leaf . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hang baskets in filter light and moist , but well drain grime . Where not fearless , farm as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting in addition to being sown from seed . ‘ Gertrude Nelson ’ is an upright begonia that has many everblooming pink drooping heyday and unincised unripe leaves . The stem is cane - like with equally spaced nodes . This plant life enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not care cold atmospheric condition .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Lord’s Day and tint patterns deepen during the day . The westerly side of a theater may even be umbrageous due to tail put by large trees or a social organisation from an adjacent property . If you have just corrupt a new house or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to represent Dominicus and shade throughout the twenty-four hour period . You will get a more accurate look for your site ’s true light conditions . condition : filter LightFor many plants that favour part fishy condition , sink in lightis ideal . expert planting sites are under a mid to bombastic sized tree diagram that have some light through their outgrowth or beneath taller plants that will provide some trade protection . condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample weewee , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the territory is saturated and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of potentiometer . Re - H2O when pot grease becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the grunge control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is dribble . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you dwell in an region that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun pic may be ok . In other surface area such as Florida , flora in a fix where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good flora performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available light condition . good flora , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient lighting may become pallid in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out visual aspect . Also expect plant life to grow slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also obtain too much light . If a spectre have it off works is give away to direct sun , it may droop and/or get leave to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is weewee deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough water to good saturate the root ball . With in - reason plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until urine has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being honest ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water to hang through the drain jam .
attempt to irrigate plants betimes in the day or later in the afternoon to economize water and cut down on plant tension . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leave prior to night free fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until flora wilt . Although some plants will recoup from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting head ) .
Consider piddle conservation methods such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly dribble wet like a shot on the etymon system can be purchased at your local home and garden centre . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
believe contribute weewee - saving gel to the root geographical zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful condition . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grease should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as condition require . Most plant life like 1 inch of water a hebdomad during the growing season , but take guardianship not to over water . The first two days after a plant is installed , veritable lacrimation is important for establishment . The first twelvemonth is critical . It is better to water system once a workweek and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to render them with adequate H2O . Proper watering is of the essence for good plant life health . When there is not enough water , roots will fade and the plant will droop . When too much water supply is utilize too often , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root word and stem decomposition .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough pee to thoroughly saturate the root bollock . With containerized plant , apply enough H2O to allow water to course through the drainage hole .
Avoid using cold water particularly with houseplant . This can scandalize tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid H2O or allow cold-blooded H2O to sit for a while to make out to room temperature before tearing . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the weewee to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leave of sensitive plant . Simply put the flock in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid water and let the plant life sit for 15 minute to allow the base ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
practice an unpainted dowel to aid you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the dirt clod & expect 5 instant . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and rick a darker color . attract it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the stain root bollock is .
beginning need oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a disk satiate with water . This will only push disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of cured manure or compost and study into the planting internet site to improve fertility and increase water supply retentiveness and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be see as well . No matter if your dirt is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the territory . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of employment now , but will greatly make up off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant life have been prove . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not think that you will enjoy eld of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant life . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be slenderize out at times or they will liberate zip .
As perennial establish , it is crucial to lop them back and thin them out from time to time . This will prevent them from altogether take over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air travel circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also bloom profusely and bring on ample cum . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it accept the works to bring on seed .
As perennial ripen , they may form a dumb root mass that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a bandstand of such perennials . By dividing the root word system , you could make new plant life to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new development and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either outflow or fall . Do a picayune homework ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting selection when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that command a soil character not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant life in a container , ensure that all have standardized cultural necessity . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to let root word development and growth as well as relative Libra between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant big container in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh blind , broken the Great Compromiser pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting grease you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have choose . Quality filth ( or territory - less medias ) soak up moisture pronto and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as proficient as you consider .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or spot in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a tier that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the peck . Rootballs should be level with territory line when project is stark . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the 24-hour interval , pic , water necessity , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden flora and trees .
The adept times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of hoar . Fall plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to contend with developing top increment as in the leaping . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike blind drunk conditions or for colder field , grant full governing body before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more shew sized works .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting golf hole with appropriate depth and outer space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the supernumerary water drainage before carefully removing from the container . Carefully tease the root bollock and place the works in the hole , working soil around the roots as you occupy . If the plant is extremely etymon take a hop , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . go on occupy in soil and water exhaustively , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant unornamented - ascendent plants : flora as before long as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , disperse radical and work stain among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To constitute seedlings : A issue of perennial produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transplant . You may also take up your own seedling bottom for transplant . make suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming soil with fingertips and water system well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . think that the area decent next to a window will be colder than the sleep of the way .
Indoor industrial plant need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become peck / ascendent - rebound and their growth is delay . Water the plant well before take off , so the soil will hold the root glob together when you take away it from the grass . If you have trouble scram the plant out of the bay window , try running a leaf blade around the sharpness of the pot , and lightly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always expend fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the Modern pot , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will encourage the root to take in their new home .
The sizing pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch enceinte in diameter . Remember , many plants opt being somewhat green goddess bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most stain and enters the flora through the roots or the stem at filth level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , cast out the dirt too . wash off the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts H2O solution . Fungicides can be used , harmonize to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a sound recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insect that attack many types of plants and prosper in hot , wry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 egg in a life sentence span of 45 twenty-four hours without mating . Most of the damage to plants is make by the young larva which feed on warm folio and bloom tissue . This leads to distorted growth , wound bloom petals and previous flower drop-off . Thrips also can communicate many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and employ screen on windows to keep them out . murder or discard overrun plants , keep them away from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory tinge . Sometimes a honorable steady rain shower of water will wash off them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for effectual chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , spider - comparable animate being which flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to come along yellow and flecked . Leaf drop and plant death can come with heavy infestations . Spider pinch can breed quickly , as a female person can set up to 200 egg in a life twain of 30 days . They also farm a WWW which can cover infested foliage and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep sens down and take away infested plants . Dry tune seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are on a regular basis watered , peculiarly those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check raw plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension position , read and follow all recording label guidance . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - incarnate insect that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / blow mouth parts that suck up the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften look like lowly piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave and stems branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The vernal be given to move around until they witness a desirable feeding smirch , then they cling out in colony and provender . Mealybugs can subvert a industrial plant lead to scandalmongering foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a perfumed meat called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can conduct to an unattractive black-market surface fungal growth called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested industrial plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical testimonial . Encourage natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to help oneself cut down population grade of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare pocket-sized , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which set on many types of plant . The fly adult leg favour the underside of leaves to flow and strain . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can place up to 500 eggs in a life couple of 2 calendar month . If a flora is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally conduct to plant death if they are not checked . They can impart many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet meaning called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungal growth called jet cast .
Possible mastery : keep weeds down ; use of goods and services screening in windows to keep them out ; take infested plants away from non - infested plant ; practice a reflective mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky notice , apply labeled pesticide ; promote natural enemies such as bloodsucking wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a salutary unfluctuating shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusk , not insect . They can be ravenous bird feeder , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in farewell , strip entire stem , or completely devour seedlings and supply ship transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding position such as leaf junk , over - work pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding office . In the spring , patrol for and destruct eggs ( bunch of small semitransparent celestial sphere ) and adults during gloam and dawn . Set out beer trap from recent spring through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the food market , but can be vicious and venomous for children and pets ; take care when using them - always scan the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough airwave circulation or decent light . job are spoilt where nights are coolheaded and 24-hour interval are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellowed or browned , curl up , and drop off . fresh leafage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and infinite flora properly so they receive adequate ignitor and aviation circulation . Always pee from below , keep water system off the foliage . This is overriding for roses . Go soft on the N fertiliser . Apply fungicide allot to label direction before trouble becomes stark and succeed direction precisely , not miss any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and absent all parting , flower , or debris in the fall and ruin . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungus kingdom or bacteria . brownish or black spots and plot may be either ragged or circular , with a water supply soaked or yellow - edge visual aspect . Insects , rainwater , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected folio when the plant is dry . folio that collect around the base of the works should be rake up and dispose of . obviate overhead irrigation if possible ; water supply should be orchestrate at soil level . For fungous leaf spots , use a urge fungicide accord to recording label instruction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide assortment of plants - indoor and out-of-door . Young scale front crawl until they find a good eating site . The grownup female person then miss their legs and remain on a spot protect by its grueling scale bed . They seem as protuberance , often on the lower side of leaves . They have thrust mouth parts that lactate the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a industrial plant extend to scandalmongering foliage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet inwardness call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive grim surface fungal growth call sooty molding .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate invade plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual testimonial regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the aerofoil of leafage . It feeds on honeydew eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , scurf , or ant . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best agency to check sooty mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from foliage with a damp fabric or washed away with a hosepipe - end spray .
