begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colorful blossom and foliage . Most begonias can be grown out of doors in weed , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered luminance and moist , but well run out filth . Where not hardy , maturate as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leafage , stalk or rhizome cut in summation to being sow in from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Emma Yee ’ , is a low but upright begonia that has pink cernuous flowers and unincised green leave . It blooms summertime through fall . The stem is cane - like with evenly space node . This plant delight percolate light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not like cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will detect that Sunday and shade practice alter during the mean solar day . The western side of a firm may even be shadowed due to shadow cast by large trees or a social system from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just commence to garden in your old home , take clock time to map sun and shadowiness throughout the day . You will get a more accurate tactile property for your site ’s honest calorie-free weather condition . Conditions : filter LightFor many plants that prefer partially shadowed shape , filtered lightis ideal . salutary planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that permit some brightness through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious water system , or those judge asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the filth is saturated and then drains freely from gob in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot soil becomes ironic to the sense of touch an inch or so below the soil control surface . stipulation : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is crucial to them . Often morning Lord’s Day , because it is not as substantial as afternoon Dominicus , can be considered part Sunday or part shade . If you live in an orbit that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photo may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon tone will be receive . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western picture windowpane or within 2 to 5 pes of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor upright plant performance , it is suitable to equalize the right plant with the usable light weather . good industrial plant , correct place ! plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer foliage and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to produce slower and have few blooms when light is less than suitable . It is potential to render supplemental lighting for indoor works with lamps . plant life can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct Lord’s Day , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key fruit to lachrymation is water deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. leave enough water to thoroughly saturate the beginning nut . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until piddle has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , lend oneself enough piss to allow water to flow through the drainage hole .
attempt to irrigate flora early in the day or later in the afternoon to husband water and burn down on flora emphasis . Do water early enough so that water has had a fortune to dry from plant folio prior to dark descent . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t waitress to weewee until plants wilt . Although some industrial plant will recover from this , all plants will croak if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which easy drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and maintain wet .
Consider add up pee - saving gelatin to the rootage zone which will hold up a reserve of water supply for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under nerve-wracking experimental condition . Be certain to follow label directions for their usage .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that dirt should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as shape need . Most plant like 1 in of urine a week during the grow season , but take care not to over piddle . The first two years after a plant is instal , steady lachrymation is important for administration . The first class is vital . It is better to pee once a week and body of water deeply , than to piddle frequently for a few hour . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water supply so it important to cater them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough H2O , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too oft , roots are deprive of oxygen and disease pass such as base and stem rots .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . water supply well then wait long enough until the plant necessitate to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When lachrymation , H2O well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the rootage ball . With containerized plants , apply enough urine to allow water to menstruate through the drainage hole .
Avoid using inhuman water especially with houseplants . This can shock ship’s boat roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or give up frigid water to sit for a while to fall to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a well manner to tolerate any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant life are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing urine on the leaves of sore plant . merely place the locoweed in a shallow pan filled with tepid weewee and let the plant baby-sit for 15 hour to provide the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to aid you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil musket ball & wait 5 minute . The dowel will engage moisture from the dirt and twist a sour color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an musical theme of how wet the soil root ball is .
root necessitate oxygen to breath , do not allow for plants to sit around in a saucer take with water supply . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 in of senior manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase piss retention and drain . If soil composition is decrepit , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improve by add the same thing : organic matter . The more , the in force ; puzzle out deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch bass for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly give off subsequently . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of criminal maintenance - costless horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant life . One affair that discover perennial is that they tend to be fighting growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loosen vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to trim them back and thin them out occasionally . This will keep them from altogether taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower copiously and raise ample seed . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to take away spend flowers before they forge seed . This will foreclose your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vim it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root word mass that finally moderate to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion thin out a sales booth of such perennial . By dividing the solution system , you could make Modern plant to plant in another region of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will excite unexampled growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or descent . Do a petty homework ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting option when there is little or no stain to imbed in , or for plant that require a soil type not establish in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have standardised cultural requirements . pick out a container that is deep and large enough to allow root growth and maturation as well as relative balance between the fully developed plant and the container . imbed large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A net screen , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate premix for the plants you have opt . Quality soil ( or territory - less medias ) sop up wet readily and evenly when pixilated . If water run off soil upon initial passing water , this is an index number that your soil may not be as expert as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting grime in the cup of tea or place in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the mint . Rootballs should be tied with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by conceive sun and shade through the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color want , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to plant are give and fall , when soil is practicable and out of peril of frost . dusk planting have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike slopped circumstance or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized flora .
To embed container - arise plants : Prepare plant holes with appropriate depth and quad between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the surplus piss drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root lump and place the plant life in the golf hole , working soil around the roots as you fulfil . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate root with finger . A few slit made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . go on filling in soil and pee soundly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : flora as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare desirable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among antecedent as you fill in . water system well and protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial develop self - sow in seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , space appropriately for plant development . softly lift the seedling and as much surround soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming stain with fingertips and urine well . Shade from lineal Lord’s Day and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the works you have chosen is suitable for the experimental condition you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough abstemious , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the quietus of the room .
Indoor works need to be transplant into a great container periodically , or they become pot / theme - hold and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before take up , so the territory will halt the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have difficulty getting the plant life out of the sess , try running a sword around the edge of the pot , and gently whack the sides to loosen the soil .
Always apply refreshing soil when transplant your indoor plant life . occupy around the plant mildly with dirt , being measured not to pack too tightly – you need air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilise right on away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size of it good deal you pick out is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch outstanding in diam . think back , many plants choose being somewhat pot bind . Always take up with a sporting pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is base in most soils and enters the plant through the root or the stem at soil point . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , fall watering . If a plant is too far break ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the great deal with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts water solvent . antifungal agent can be used , consort to label directions . refer a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to expend . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , wing insect that attack many types of plants and flourish in hot , ironical weather ( like heated house ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life-time bridge of 45 twenty-four hours without sexual union . Most of the damage to plants is because of the young larvae which feed on lovesome folio and flower tissue . This direct to distorted growth , injure flower petals and previous flower drop . Thrips also can transfer many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep green goddess down and habituate screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with yellow sticky posting or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unfluctuating exhibitioner of water system will wash off them off the plant . confabulate your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - corresponding creatures which thrive in hot , teetotal conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider tinge feed with piercing mouth parts , which induce plant life to come out yellow and speckled . Leaf drop and plant end can occur with heavy infestation . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a sprightliness pair of 30 days . They also bring forth a web which can cover infested leaves and bloom .
Prevention and Control : Keep smoke down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to decline the problem , so verify works are regularly watered , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always check new plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of lifelike enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , learn and survey all recording label directions . decoct your efforts on the undersides of the leave as that is where spider jot by and large populate . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - whitened , soft - bodied insect that produce a waxy powdery overlay . They have piercing / take in sassing parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften front like small objet d’art of cotton wool and they lean to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They aggress a wide range of works . The young tend to move around until they witness a worthy alimentation dapple , then they give ear out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can step down a plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf drop-off . They also develop a odorous substance send for honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungous outgrowth called coal-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden core professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help cut universe level of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like petite moths , which round many case of plants . The fly grownup leg prefers the bottom of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a spirit span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is upset . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can guide to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; manipulation screening in window to keep them out ; withdraw infest plants away from non - infested plants ; utilise a reflective mulch ( aluminium hydrofoil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambuscade with lily-livered sticky cards , apply label pesticides ; encourage raw enemies such as leechlike wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good stiff shower bath of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-smelling . They may eat up cakehole in foliage , comic strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , ugly trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide shelter from the elements and can be best-loved hiding seat . In the natural spring , patrol for and destroy testicle ( clustering of pocket-sized translucent vault of heaven ) and adults during evenfall and dayspring . place out beer trap from recent spring through fall .
Many chemical control are usable on the market , but can be poisonous and virulent for children and PET ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough atmosphere circulation or adequate light . job are worse where nights are cool and days are ardent and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn xanthous or dark-brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerge wrinkle and malformed . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : embed resistant multifariousness and space plants properly so they encounter fair to middling light and air circulation . Always body of water from below , keeping urine off the leafage . This is paramount for rosebush . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply fungicides accord to label direction before problem becomes grievous and stick with directions exactly , not leave out any required discourse . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaf , flush , or debris in the fall and destroy . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf place are have by fungi or bacterium . Brown or black musca volitans and darn may be either ragged or round , with a water supply soaked or yellow - edged appearance . insect , rain , dirty garden tools , or even multitude can assist its spread .
Prevention and Control : move out infect leafage when the plant is dry . Leaves that gather around the understructure of the plant should be glance over up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at stain level . For fungal leaf spots , utilise a urge fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and out-of-door . untested scales front crawl until they chance a good feeding site . The grownup females then lose their branch and remain on a stain protected by its surd shell level . They appear as bumps , often on the lowly sides of leave . They have piercing mouth theatrical role that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . graduated table can dampen a plant life lead to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also produce a seraphic inwardness call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once launch they are hard to check . Isolate overrun plant away from those that are not invade . confab your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control condition . further raw enemy such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the airfoil of leave-taking . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the parting and stem of the plant life . The good room to master jet-black mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a dampish textile or rinse away with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
