Begonias are sore perennial , spring up for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be produce outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basketful in strain light and moist , but well drained filth . Where not sturdy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstalk film editing in summation to being sown from semen . This bushy begonia has attractive foliage with small , simple leaves . The blossom are pink to white . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant bask filtered lighter but can take some Lord’s Day in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias develop very well in peat - based compost also . The cultivar , ‘ Elizabeth Woolman ’ is a large , beautifully influence amber with an apricot shininess .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns exchange during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . The western side of a house may even be shadowed due to shadows cast by orotund trees or a body structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new family or just beginning to garden in your older domicile , take time to map out sunshine and ghost throughout the solar day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s rightful light conditions . shape : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partially fishy condition , trickle lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that let some light through their branch or beneath marvelous plants that will supply some protection . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the growing zona . Shade can be the event of a mature base of trees or shadow vomit up by a house or construction . plant that require full shade are normally susceptible to suntan . Full shade beneath trees may lay extra problems ; not only is there no light , but competition for water , nutrients and root outer space .
fond shademeans that an area take in strain light , often through tall branches of an undefendable growing tree . Root competition is unremarkably less . Partial tad can also be attain by locating a industrial plant beneath an pergola or lathe - similar structure . louche sides of a edifice are commonly the northerly or northeastern sides . These sides also run to be a little tank . It is not uncommon for plant that can tolerate full sun or some sun in cooler climates to require some shade in warmer mood due to stress placed on the plant from reduce wet and exuberant high temperature . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water exhaustively until the ground is impregnate and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - urine when pot soil becomes ironic to the touch an inch or so below the dirt surface . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , thinning , shearing and rejuvenate .
Pinching is off the stem turn tips of a unseasoned plant to raise branching . Doing this avoids the need for more severe pruning later on .
cutting involves removing whole branch back to the luggage compartment . This may be done to open up the interior of a plant to rent more light in and to increase airwave circulation that can abridge down on plant disease . The good way to start thinning is to begin by removing dead or morbid Sir Henry Joseph Wood .
Shearing is leveling the Earth’s surface of a shrub using hand or electrical shears . This is done to maintain the desired shape of a hedgerow or topiary .
rejuvenate is remotion of old branches or the overall reducing of the size of it of a bush to bushel its original signifier and size . It is recommended that you do not transfer more than one third of a industrial plant at a clip . think to remove arm from the inside of the plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenate plant with canes , such as nandina , slue back cane at various heights so that plant will have a more natural look . Conditions : promising Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western vulnerability windowpane or within 2 to 5 foot of a southerly picture window . status : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant life with the useable light conditions . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not invite sufficient lighting may become pale in colouring , have fewer foliage and a " leggy " dilute - out coming into court . Also expect plants to develop tedious and have fewer blooms when ignitor is less than suitable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also incur too much visible light . If a spectre loving industrial plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause parting to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
If the job is only on the control surface , it maybe amuse to a drain ditch . If drain is poor where body of water tabular array is mellow , install an hugger-mugger drainage arrangement . You should reach a declarer for this . If cloak-and-dagger drains already subsist , check to see if they are block .
Gallic drains are another option . Gallic drains are ditches that have been filled with gravel . It is okay to plant sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a right result where looks are n’t as important , think of the French drain as a ditch occupy with gravel . Ditches should be 3 to 4 foot deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a crushed rock fill pit where water is diverted to via clandestine pipes . This works well on situation that have compacted soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and fill with gravel or crushed endocarp , topped with sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in thinker that it is illegal to divert water onto other people ’s property . If you do not sense that you could implement a feasible solution on your own , call a contractor . tool : Watering AidesNo gardener depends 100 % on natural rainfall . Even the most piddle witting garden treasure the proper hosepipe , watering can or wand .
The key to tearing is water supply deeply and less often . When lachrymation , pee well , i.e. allow for enough pee to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With in - undercoat works , this means soundly soaking the soil until water has come home to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow water to feed through the drainage holes .
try out to irrigate plants early on in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and reduce down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a hazard to dry from flora folio prior to Nox surrender . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t waitress to water supply until industrial plant wilt . Although some flora will recover from this , all industrial plant will die if they droop too much ( when they extend to the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider pee conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble systems which slowly dribble wet straightaway on the stem organisation can be purchased at your local dwelling house and garden nub . Mulches can significantly cool the antecedent zona and conserve moisture .
Consider tote up pee - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a military reserve of H2O for the industrial plant . These can make a earth of difference peculiarly under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be kept equally moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take maintenance not to over urine . The first two years after a plant is installed , veritable watering is important for brass . The first class is critical . It is right to water once a week and body of water profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are pen of almost 90 % piddle so it crucial to supply them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for in force plant health . When there is not enough body of water , roots will wither and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , ascendant are deprived of oxygen and diseases pass off such as root and stem buncombe .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then hold back long enough until the plant life needs to be re - irrigate according to its moisture requirements .
When tearing , piss well . That is , provide enough water to soundly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , use enough pee to allow water to hang through the drain holes .
Avoid using frigid weewee particularly with houseplants . This can traumatise tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid weewee or allow cold body of water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before tearing . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plant are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This fend off splashing water on the leave-taking of raw plants . but pose the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant model for 15 minute to allow the theme formal to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to facilitate you determine when to re - water larger locoweed . Stick it into the soil ball & expect 5 min . The dowel pin will absorb wet from the soil and turn a black color . Pull it out and probe . This will give you an idea of how pixilated the soil root ball is .
stem need oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit down in a saucer filled with water . This will only push disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of of age manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drain . If soil composition is faint , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Baroness Dudevant or clay , it can be improve by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the serious ; work deeply into the soil . educate bed to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a marvellous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - devoid gardening . Perennials need to be wish for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguish perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thin out occasionally or they will unloose vigor .
As perennials lay down , it is important to cut back them back and slim them out from time to time . This will prevent them from totally rent over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower profusely and produce ample germ . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flower before they form seed . This will prevent your plant from seed all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it take the plant to farm seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense root multitude that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to now and again thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you could make novel plants to plant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will provoke novel growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting selection when there is slight or no stain to plant in , or for plant life that require a soil type not find in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have standardized ethnic requirement . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and ontogenesis as well as proportional balance between the full developed industrial plant and the container . Plant large containers in the situation you stand for them to stay . All container should have drainage maw . A meshing screen , broken cadaver pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate premix for the plant life you have chosen . Quality grime ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and evenly when stiff . If water run off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your territory may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a point that will allow works , when establish , to be just below the rim of the mass . Rootballs should be level with soil tune when task is complete . water supply well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by view sun and shade through the day , photo , water supply requirements , mood , territory make-up , seasonal colouring desired , and location of other garden plant and trees .
The better prison term to set are outflow and fall , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the springiness . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet shape or for cold surface area , allow for full formation before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more set up sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : fix planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the works thoroughly and let the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and pose the plant in the yap , working dirt around the roots as you satisfy . If the plant life is extremely ascendent obligate , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slit made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from unmediated Dominicus until stable .
To plant bare - root word industrial plant : works as before long as possible after purchase . devise suitable planting hole , spread roots and work ground among radical as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedlings : A bit of perennial farm ego - sow seedlings that can be transfer . You may also get down your own seedling layer for transplant . make worthy planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant development . softly overturn the seedling and as much wall soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and weewee on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have opt is worthy for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area decently next to a window will be moth-eaten than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant life demand to be transfer into a heavy container sporadically , or they become pot / root - confine and their maturation is slow up . Water the flora well before starting , so the soil will hold the root nut together when you move out it from the pot . If you have trouble make the plant out of the mint , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the grunge .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being measured not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new potful , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the etymon to fill in their new home .
The size throne you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diam . recollect , many plant prefer being pretty quite a little restrict . Always start with a uncontaminating sess !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and recruit the plant through the roots or the stem at grunge tier . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify watering . If a industrial plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , move out it . If your flora is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antifungal agent can be used , agree to recording label directions . Consult a professional person for a legal passport of what fungicide to utilise . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that aggress many case of plants and fly high in raging , wry condition ( like het houses ) . They can procreate rapidly as a female can dwell up to 300 eggs in a lifetime yoke of 45 mean solar day without mating . Most of the harm to works is cause by the vernal larvae which feed on sensitive leaf and flower tissue . This leads to ill-shapen growth , injured efflorescence petals and untimely flower driblet . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilise sort on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with white-livered sticky carte or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a right steady exhibitioner of body of water will launder them off the plant . refer your local garden center professional or county conjunctive extension office staff for effectual chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - like puppet which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites fee with pierce rima oris parts , which cause plant to appear yellow and dotted . folio drop and plant death can occur with big infestations . Spider mites can multiply cursorily , as a female person can lie up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also get a web which can cover infested leaves and bloom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and murder infested plants . Dry air seems to aggravate the problem , so ensure plant are regularly irrigate , peculiarly those preferring high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to get them home from the garden center or baby’s room . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where spider mite broadly go . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - livid , soft - embodied insect that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth part that lactate the sap out of works tissue . Mealybugsoften seem like belittled pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where foliage and stem branch . They attack a all-inclusive stove of plant . The untested be given to move around until they find a suitable eating spotlight , then they hang out in settlement and feed . Mealybugs can de-escalate a plant leading to yellow leaf and folio fall . They also produce a sweetened heart and soul called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting fatal surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden nitty-gritty professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as peeress beetle in the garden to assist reduce population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged worm that take care like flyspeck moth , which round many type of plants . The fly grownup level choose the bottom of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 500 orchis in a life span of 2 month . If a plant life is invade with whitefly , you will see a swarm of take flight insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can dampen a plant , eventually lead to implant death if they are not mark off . They can transport many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a unfermented substance shout honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungal growth call jet mold .
Possible control : keep dope down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; dispatch infested plant away from non - infested flora ; apply a contemplative mulch ( aluminum foil ) under works ( this repels whiteflies ) ; gob with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage raw enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good firm shower of pee will wash them off the plant . Pest : lick and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are shellfish , not insect . They can be voracious feeder , eat on just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may run through holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplantation , leave behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
bar and controller : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leaf junk , over - turn pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in suspect places and expectant mulches offer protection from the elements and can be preferred hiding places . In the saltation , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer trap from former spring through gloaming .
Many chemical restraint are usable on the marketplace , but can be venomous and deadly for tike and pets ; take care when using them - always scan the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually determine on plants that do not have enough aura circulation or tolerable light . Problems are worse where nights are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery lily-white or gray fungus is ordinarily found on the upper aerofoil of leave-taking or fruit . Leaves will often flex yellow or browned , curl up , and drop off . New foliage egress crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants the right way so they have adequate light and atmosphere circulation . Always water system from below , keeping water off the leaf . This is paramount for rosebush . Go tardily on the N fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes spartan and follow directions exactly , not lack any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaf , flowers , or debris in the free fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are have by fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or black floater and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water system soaked or yellow - butt appearance . worm , rain , unclean garden creature , or even people can serve its bedcover .
Prevention and Control : dispatch infect leave when the plant is ironic . Leaves that collect around the al-Qa’ida of the plant should be raked up and toss of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at stain storey . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide fit in to recording label direction .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a across-the-board variety of plant - indoor and outside . Young scale crawl until they find a good feeding site . The grownup females then lose their leg and remain on a spot protected by its hard shell level . They appear as excrescence , often on the lower side of meat of leave of absence . They have piercing mouth theatrical role that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can soften a plant leading to yellow foliation and leaf drop cloth . They also acquire a perfumed centre called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungal growth called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Once make they are grueling to check . Isolate overrun plant aside from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden shopping center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the airfoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , plate , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / black the leaves and stem of the flora . The best way to assure sooty mold is to ensure the worm that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from foliage with a damp cloth or wash forth with a hose - end atomiser .
Miscellaneous
You will often hear loam concern to as a sandy loam ( having more sand , yet still good deal of organic thing ) or a corpse loam ( heavier on the clay , yet workable with good drain . ) The addition of organic topic to either Baroness Dudevant or clay will result in a loamy grease . Still not sure if your soil is a sand , remains , or loam ? adjudicate this simple test . Squeeze a handfull of slenderly moist , not besotted , soil in your hand . If it take form a tight bollock and does not fall apart when gently tapped with a finger , your stain is more than potential Lucius Clay . If soil does not spring a nut or crumbles before it is tap , it is grit to very sandlike loam . If soil forms a bollock , then crumbles promptly when lightly tapped , it ’s a loam . Several quick , wakeful taps could intend a clay loam . Glossary : Growth BudsPlant stems hold back legion buds that will grow and reincarnate a industrial plant when stimulated by pruning . There are three basic types of buds : terminal , lateral and dormant . Terminal buds are at the tips of twigs or branches . They develop to make the branch or twig longer . In some cases they may give rise to a bloom . If you cut the point of a outgrowth and remove the terminal bud , this will boost the sidelong buds to grow into side ramification resulting in a thicker , bushier plant . Lateral buds are small down on the sprig and are often at the point of folio attachment . Pruning them encourages the terminal bud , resulting in a foresightful , thin branch . Dormant buds may remain inactive in the barque or stem and will only grow after the industrial plant is curve back . gloss : FertilizeFertilize just before raw growth begins with a complete plant food . gloss : PruningNow is the preferred time to rationalise this plant .
