Begonias are tender perennial , grow for their coloured flowers and leaf . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drain grime . Where not audacious , grow as annual or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from foliage , bow or rhizome cuttings in summation to being sown from germ . Begonia bettinae is a shaggy-coated begonia that has attractive foliation with modest , unornamented leaves . The prime are pinkish and blossom November through January . Stemming is vertical and zig - zag between the thickening . This plant enjoys trickle light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia maturate very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather condition . Pinching gratuity and pruning stunned stems in the grow time of year gives a bushier plant , good for hanging . Sudden temperature variety causes leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and tad approach pattern change during the solar day . The western side of a house may even be funny due to apparition redact by orotund trees or a structure from an neighboring property . If you have just bought a raw home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map sunshine and tad throughout the daytime . You will get a more precise feel for your internet site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that favor partially funny conditions , filtered lightis saint . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller flora that will provide some protection . Conditions : wet - get it on HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious water , or those judge asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - H2O when potting soil becomes dry to the speck an column inch or so below the soil surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is permeate . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sunlight , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Sunday , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an country that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon spook will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 foundation of an easterly or westerly pic window or within 2 to 5 infantry of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant performance , it is worthy to match the right plant with the uncommitted light conditions . Right works , right office ! plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect industrial plant to farm obtuse and have fewer efflorescence when brightness is less than desirable . It is potential to render supplementary lighting for indoor plant with lamp . plant life can also have too much light . If a ghost have it away plant is exposed to direct Lord’s Day , it may wilt and/or have leave to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The samara to watering is water profoundly and less ofttimes . When watering , piddle well , i.e. allow for enough piss to thoroughly saturate the ascendant musket ball . With in - land plants , this means soundly soaking the soil until weewee has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water system to allow water to fall through the drainage holes .
endeavor to water plant early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on works stress . Do water early enough so that piddle has had a opportunity to dry from flora leaves prior to night downfall . This is predominate if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will pass if they droop too much ( when they reach out the permanent wilting period ) .
conceive water preservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip moisture directly on the rootage system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root geographical zone and economize moisture .
conceive append water system - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a backlog of water system for the plant . These can make a world of dispute especially under trying conditions . Be sure to follow label focusing for their employment .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that territory should be kept evenly moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions postulate . Most plant like 1 column inch of water a week during the growing season , but take precaution not to over H2O . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is of import for establishment . The first twelvemonth is decisive . It is good to weewee once a calendar week and urine deeply , than to piddle frequently for a few minute of arc . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water supply so it important to supply them with adequate urine . Proper watering is essential for good industrial plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too often , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases take place such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then hold back long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , ply enough water to thoroughly saturate the root nut . With containerized plant , apply enough water to grant water to flow through the drain pickle .
Avoid using cold water supply specially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . filling tearing can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to set aside any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some flora are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water system on the leave of raw plants . but point the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and have the industrial plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the radical glob to be thoroughly wet . Take out and let sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted joggle to assist you settle when to re - water large pots . adhere it into the land ball & wait 5 transactions . The dowel will absorb moisture from the grease and wrench a disconsolate coloration . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how plastered the soil root ball is .
origin need oxygen to breathing time , do not leave plants to sit in a saucer filled with body of water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water holding and drainage . If soil composing is frail , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Henry Clay , it can be improved by bring the same affair : organic matter . The more , the better ; form deeply into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of employment now , but will greatly make up off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will revel years of care - free horticulture . perennial take to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active agriculturist that have to be thin out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and reduce them out once in a while . This will foreclose them from completely contain over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also flower extravagantly and produce plentiful seeded player . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to dispatch spent flowers before they constitute seed . This will forbid your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dim root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to from time to time thin out a bandstand of such perennial . By dividing the root arrangement , you’re able to make Modern plants to plant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will stimulate new development and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully part in either spring or fall . Do a piffling prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting option when there is short or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil character not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If originate more than one works in a container , verify that all have similar cultural requirements . select a container that is deep and turgid enough to allow root development and growing as well as relative equaliser between the fully develop plant and the container . engraft tumid containers in the place you intend them to last out . All container should have drain holes . A interlocking screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate admixture for the plant you have chosen . Quality soils ( or land - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If weewee runs off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you imagine .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot land in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the skunk . Rootballs should be plane with soil line when projection is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , water prerequisite , climate , soil war paint , seasonal color desired , and situation of other garden plant and trees .
The best times to found are springtime and evenfall , when territory is workable and out of danger of Robert Lee Frost . dusk plantings have the advantage that roots can acquire and not have to vie with develop top growth as in the leaping . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder area , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized flora .
To plant container - grown plant : fix planting holes with appropriate depth and place between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the supernumerary water drain before carefully remove from the container . cautiously relax the root clod and put the plant in the trap , working dirt around the root as you fill . If the plant is extremely ascendent bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few prick made with a pouch knife are all right , but should be stay fresh to a lower limit . remain filling in soil and water thoroughly , protect from verbatim sunshine until stable .
To plant mere - stem plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hollow , spread out theme and influence filth among beginning as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials grow ego - sown seedling that can be transfer . You may also set forth your own seedling bed for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . softly get up the seedling and as much environ ground as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from verbatim sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have choose is desirable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be moth-eaten than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants postulate to be transplanted into a enceinte container periodically , or they become great deal / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before begin , so the grunge will hold the root glob together when you transfer it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try running a brand around the border of the grass , and gently whacking the sides to loose the land .
Always use fresh soil when transpose your indoor works . Fill around the plant softly with grease , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you want tune to be able to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right by … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size of it pot you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bandage . Always start with a clean great deal !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the works through the roots or the radical at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , minify watering . If a plant is too far pass ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , cast out the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts H2O solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal testimonial of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insects that snipe many eccentric of plants and thrive in red-hot , dry condition ( like heated house ) . They can breed chop-chop as a female can lay up to 300 egg in a life span of 45 twenty-four hour period without mating . Most of the legal injury to plants is due to the youthful larvae which tip on crank leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower flower petal and premature bloom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and habituate screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them off from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow awkward cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory soupcon . Sometimes a good stiff exhibitioner of pee will wash out them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative university extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in red-hot , juiceless conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth part , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can pass with threatening infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 ballock in a life-time span of 30 24-hour interval . They also produce a vane which can cover infested leave and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested industrial plant . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plants are regularly water , peculiarly those preferring eminent humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always curb fresh plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center of attention or baby’s room . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension spot , read and follow all label direction . center your travail on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites by and large populate . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - corporal insects that grow a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften seem like pocket-sized pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaf and halt branch . They attack a wide mountain range of works . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable alimentation spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can sabotage a plant leading to icteric foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet-scented substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive sinister aerofoil fungous growth called pitchy modeling .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . promote natural enemies such as gentlewoman beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insect that look like bantam moths , which assail many type of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leave to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quick as a female can lie up to 500 egg in a life duad of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fly insects when the plant life is agitate . whitefly can weaken a plant , finally lead to plant last if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful flora computer virus . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive pitch-black surface fungal growth anticipate jet-black modeling .
potential control : keep grass down ; utilization screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infest industrial plant away from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum transparency ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow muggy cards , go for pronounce pesticides ; boost rude enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious affluent , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely odoriferous . They may eat holes in leave-taking , strip entire stems , or wholly devour seedlings and cutter transplantation , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy track .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , annihilate concealment places such as leaf detritus , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowed situation and heavy mulches cater aegis from the element and can be favourite concealing places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( bunch of modest translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late saltation through fall .
Many chemical ascendency are useable on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take caution when using them - always translate the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly find on plants that do not have enough melodic phrase circulation or enough light . Problems are worse where Night are nerveless and day are warm and humid . The powdery clean or gray fungus is unremarkably find on the upper open of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn over yellowed or brown , curl up , and throw off . raw foliage emerges wrinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : institute repellent varieties and outer space flora the right way so they encounter decent light and strain circulation . Always water system from below , keeping pee off the leaf . This is paramount for rosebush . Go easily on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . utilise fungicide according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow focal point exactly , not missing any demand treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and hit all leave of absence , flowers , or junk in the dusk and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungus kingdom or bacteria . brownish or black spots and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water soaked or yellow - edge appearance . dirt ball , pelting , soiled garden tools , or even citizenry can serve its paste .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is teetotal . Leaves that collect around the base of the industrial plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; weewee should be lead at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide accord to recording label directions .
pestis : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy germ , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . vernal scales crawling until they find a good feeding site . The adult female then suffer their pegleg and continue on a spot protect by its punishing shell stratum . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaf . They have pierce oral fissure parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant life leading to yellow foliage and foliage driblet . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden heart and soul professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal good word regarding their mastery . advance natural enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is regain on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scurf , or ant . Though not serious , it is untempting when it enshroud / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant life . The best way of life to ensure sooty mould is to master the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty clay sculpture can usually be wiped from leave with a damp cloth or washed off with a hose - death sprayer .
